Moving to Australia from Singapore? Our Ultimate How to Move to Australia from Singapore Guide covers absolutely everything you need to know about moving from Australia to Singapore.
With in-depth information and valuable resources from how to apply for a visa to how to import common household items, from what the Australian health care and education systems are like, to how to decide where to live, our Moving to Australia from Singapore Guide will help you and your family have a safe, seamless, and stress-free move to Australia.
Chock-full of important international moving tips, as well as insights into Australian customs and culture, including everything from table manners, commonly used words, holidays and food, to the sports Australians like to play and watch, our Moving from Singapore to Australia Guide will also assist you and your family assimilate into day-to-day life quickly and easily on arrival.
As the largest removals company in the world, with over 1,000 service centres across 180 countries, UniGroup Worldwide International Movers will help make your move to Australia as smooth and stress-free as possible.
With over 85 years' experience, successfully delivering 48,000 international shipments annually, our overseas removal experts can help ensure your safe, seamless stress-free move to Australia from Singapore.
UniGroup Worldwide International Movers moving Singaporeans to Australia safely, seamlessly and stress-free
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Nationality
Australian
National Holidays
New Year's Day, 1 January Australia Day, 26 January Good Friday, Date fluctuates Easter Monday, Date fluctuates Anzac Day, 25 April Christmas Day, 25 December Boxing Day, 26 December
Financial Year
1 July - 30 June
Government Type
Parliamentary democracy (federal parliament) under a constitutional monarchy; a commonwealth realm
Currency
Australian dollar (AUD)
International Dialling Code
61
Country Domain Code
.au
Road Traffic
Drives on the left
Electricity
220/240V, 50Hz. Plug Type I
Emergency Numbers
000: General Emergencies 112 or 000: Mobile phones 132 500: State Emergency Service 106: National relay service 131 444: Non-emergency police 101: Fire 1800 333 000: Crime Stoppers 1800 123 400: Threats to national security
Time Zone
There are three time zones – Eastern (GMT+10), Central (GMT+9.5) and Western (GMT+8)
Settlers from Southeast Asia arrived in Australia at least 40,000 years before the first Europeans began exploring. Until 1770, when Captian James Cook took possession of the east coast, no formal territorial claims had been made. In the late 18th and 19th centuries, six colonies were created and in 1901, they became the Commonwealth of Australia. Due to economic reforms adopted in the 1980s, Australia has become an internationally competitive market economy. An aging population, environmental issues and infrastructural burdens are just some of the long-term concerns. Australia’s dry conditions also make it particularly vulnerable to climate change challenges.
Population
22,992,654
Population Growth Rate
1.05%
Median Age
total: 38.6 years
male: 37.8 years
female: 39.4 years
Life Expectancy
82.2 years
Location
Australia
Geographic Coordinates
27 00 S, 133 00 E
Area
total: 7,741,220km2
land: 7,682,300km2
water: 58,920km2
Geography
Although Australia is the world’s smallest continent, it is the sixth-largest country in the world as well as the largest country in the Southern Hemisphere. Consisting of no land borders, Australia’s most densely populated areas can be found along the eastern and south-eastern costs. A sea breeze known as the “Fremantle Doctor” has also given the city of Perth, which is situated on the west coast, the reputation of having the most consistent winds in the world.
Capital
Canberra geographic coordinates: 35 16 S, 149 08 E
Major Urban Areas and Population
Sydney 4.505 Million; Melbourne 4.203 Million; Brisbane 2.202 Million; Perth 1.861 Million; Adelaide 1.256 Million; Canberra 423,000
Overall, Australia generally has a dry climate. The south and east experience moderate conditions while the north has more tropical conditions.
2017 sees Australia facing a range of growth restrictions due to decades of continuous growth, low unemployment rates and a stable financial system. The services sector accounts for around 70% of the country’s GDP and 75% of jobs. The country was barely affected by the global financial crisis and the banking system has remained under control. Over the last few years, Australia has experienced a dramatic increase in trade but it is being affected by declining commodity prices. Australia has placed very few restrictions on the import of goods and services, a process that has increased economic growth and flexibility.
GDP Per Capita
$48,800 USD
Taxes and Other Revenues
33.5% of GDP
Languages Spoken
English Mandarin Arabic Cantonese Vietnamese
Major Ethnic Groups
English Australian Irish Scottish Chinese
National Flag
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National Anthem
"Advance Australia Fair"
National Symbol(s)
Southern Cross constellation, Kangaroo, Emu
National Colours
Green, gold
Quality of Life
Ranked 2nd of 80 countries
Cost of Living
Ranked 6th of 104 countries
Education System
Ranked 2nd of 187 countries
Healthcare System
Ranked 32nd of 190 countries
Happiness of Residents
Ranked 9th of 155 countries
Crime Rate
Ranked 63rd of 117 countries
Suitability for Green Living
Ranked 13th of 180 countries
Calculating moving to Australia costs
The cost of moving to Australia from Singapore comprises of a number of expenses, each with their own variables. The largest components will likely be the shipping of your household belongings and the relocation of you family. Beyond that, there are additional costs for visas, storage, insurance and temporary accommodation upon arrival.
The cost of shipping your belongings can vary dramatically depending on the volume you’re shipping, what you’re shipping, how and from where you ship it. For example, a sparsely furnished two to three bedroom home shipped by LCL (Less than Container Load) or Groupage sea freight from the east coast of Australia to Sydney or Melbourne could cost AU$2,000-$3,000, whereas a heavily furnished four bedroom home shipped by FCL (Full Container Load) sea freight from and to the same ports may cost twice that. Furthermore, the cost would increase if you’re moving from or to an inland city or you’re shipping antiques, a piano, wine, expensive, or bulky items that may require custom crating or packing. And if you’re in hurry to ship your belongings to Australia, the same size homes could easily cost you tens of thousands of dollars to ship by air freight.
Given all these variables, it is strongly recommended that you obtain a detailed quote from an experienced, reputable international removalists like UniGroup Worldwide International Movers.
For more information on the different types of sea and air freight, their respective advantages, disadvantages and how to calculate their costs, read our in-depth guide, What is the Best Way to Move Overseas? Best Air & Sea Freight Options.
The average cost of an economy class ticket from the to the east coast of Australia is between per person. So, relocating a family of four from Singapore to Australia can be between and in airfares alone.
Additionally, if you are bringing any pets, there will be costs for their flight and any health checks or vaccinations required, as well as possible quarantine charges on arrival. Roughly, a cat or medium-sized dog would cost between to join you.
In addition to the cost of shipping your household goods, there are several other expenses involved in moving to Australia, from visa application fees and temporary accommodation through to travel for yourself and your family.
Everyone that applies for an Australian visa must pay a non-refundable, non-transferable visa application fee. This visa application fee must be paid regardless of whether a visa is issued or not. The type of visa for which you apply determines the fee amount:
For more information, visit How to Apply for an Australian Visa.
There are several other costs involved in moving to Australia, including:
Applying for a Australian visa
An Australian citizen who wishes to know how to move to Australia, must generally obtain an Australian visa first. All Australian nationals require a visitor’s visa, known as an Electronic Travel Authority (ETA) to visit Australia. The ETA allows foreign nationals to visit Australia for up to three months to conduct business-related activities, such as looking for employment. Any form of paid employment is illegal without obtaining a workers’ visa. Follow each of the steps below to help ensure you receive your Australian visa quickly and hassle free.
Determine which Australian visa category applies to you:
The Australian Government’s Department of Immigration and Border Protection has a handy comparison table that outlines the duration, sponsorship requirements, skill requirements and other eligibility criteria for all visas.
To apply for an Australian visa, you need to supply a range of supporting documentation. Begin compiling this documentation as soon as possible to avoid delays:
Electronically linked to your passport, an Electronic Travel Authority (ETA) gives you authorisation to enter Australia. It is for short-term stays for tourism or business visitor activities, such as attending a conference, making business enquiries or for contractual negotiations. As such, it may be beneficial to first apply for an ETA when securing employment in Australia or searching for houses and schools for any children accompanying you on your relocation.
Keep in mind that an ETA is not a work visa. If you want to work in Australia, you can use the Australian Department of Immigration and Border Protection’s Visa Finder to search for a visa that is suitable for you.
To apply for an ETA, you will need to:
Once granted, ensure you comply with all ETA conditions:
For further information, read the Department of Immigration and Border Protection’s Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs).
For almost all Australian Workers Visa categories, you will need to satisfy the ‘Points Test’. The test awards visa applicants points for various elements of human capital and (for some visa subclasses) business performance. The number of points you need to pass the ‘Points Test’ depends on the visa you apply for.
Points are awarded for criteria such as:
For further information, visit the Australian Department of Immigration and Border Control’s Points Table.
If you are applying under a Workers Visa Category, follow the steps below for the smoothest, most stress-free application process possible.
To apply for a skilled migration visa, you will need to:
Employers can sponsor or nominate workers to remain in Australia on either a temporary or permanent basis. There are a number of subclasses of visas within this category, all with slightly different eligibility requirements and application processes:
The Investment Visa includes five streams:
The eligibility criteria for each Investor Visa stream is different. For more information, check:
There are also four different types of Investor Visa subclasses. Visit the links below to apply for the subclass that best suits your circumstances:
To apply for a Business Owner’s Visa, visit the links below to apply for the subclass that applies to you:
If you have an innovative idea for a new product, service, or business and have third party funding from a specified source to undertake entrepreneurial activity in Australia, the Entrepreneur stream of the Business Innovation and Investment visa (subclass 188) might be an visa option for you.
Applying for a Tax File Number
When moving to Australia from Singapore, you will need to apply for your Tax File Number (TFN) once you have arrived in Australia, and have been granted the relevant visa.
You can apply for a tax file number online if you meet these three conditions:
You can apply online using the Australian Taxation Office’s online application form.
Once complete, the Australian Taxation Office will post your TFN to the Australian address you include in your application form within 28 days.
A TFN is your personal reference number for Australia’s taxation and superannuation systems. It is the Australian equivalent of a Social Security Number. Your TFN is yours for life—you retain the same TFN even if you change your name, change jobs or move overseas or interstate. It is not compulsory in Australia to have a TFN. However, without one, you will pay a much higher rate of tax. In addition, you will not be able to access Government benefits or the public health care system.
Deciding where to live in Australia
If you’re not moving from Singapore to Australia to a specific location for work, you’ll need to decide where to live. From low crime rates to superior quality health and education systems, there are many variables to consider when choosing the perfect place for you to call home. Given the sheer size of Australia, geography, climate and weather can also play a large part in your decision. Unemployment rates, average salary and the cost of living are also likely to influence the location of your new home.
To help you decide where in Australia will best suit both your needs and those of your family, some of the most important factors are outlined below.
Unemployment rates vary around Australia; it’s important that you investigate the employment rate in your preferred location to ensure the job market is stable so that it will provide you with the necessary employment opportunities. The Australian Department of Labour publishes unemployment rates by state on an annual basis.
The average Australian salary is approximately AU$78,800 per annum. However, given the sheer size of the country, a better factor to consider when choosing where to live in Australia is the local average salary, which provides a good indication of your likely earning potential. Living in Australia publishes average annual salaries by Australian state.
The average cost of living varies greatly from state-to-state even city-to-city in Australia. Investigate the average cost of living in your preferred locations so that you can budget accordingly.
The following list provides an idea of the average prices you can expect to pay for products and services in Sydney, Australia’s most expensive city (although, keep in mind that these prices will vary based on both location and provider):
Obviously, you want your family to live in a safe neighbourhood. Just how safe a neighbourhood is varies from state-to-state even city-to-city. So, before you decide where to live in Australia, review Roy Morgan’s report on the best and worst suburbs in each Australian state for crime.
If you or your family members become ill, you need peace of mind that you’ll have access to quality local health care. The standard of health care is excellent in capital cities and major towns. However, some regional and rural areas of Australia are isolated and medical care may be scarce. Review the Australia Government’s information on health care systems by state to help you determine where to live in Australia.
For more information, visit What is the Health Care System Like in Australia?
If children will be accompanying you when you move to Australia, you need reassurance that their education will be of the highest quality. Better Education provides school rankings at a primary, secondary and Year 12 level. A recent report by the Australian Broadcasting Corporate (ABC) discusses the best providers of education by state.
For more information, visit What is the Education and Schooling System Like in Australia?
Australia performs very well in many measures of population wellbeing when compared to most other countries in the OECD Better Life Index. Australia ranks particularly well in areas such as civic engagement, income, environment, health, housing, education, jobs, social connections and subjective wellbeing.
However, when it comes to deciding on a place to live, you really need an understanding of what local population wellbeing is like. The Australian State of the Environment Report provides information on population wellbeing in each metropolitan area.
If you or any member of your family belong to a minority group, general levels of societal tolerance and diversity are important factors. As in any country, some cities and states of Australia are more socially accepting of cultural, racial, religious and sexual differences. However, there are stringent federal laws that provide protection against abuse based on race, religion and sexuality.
When deciding on where to live in Australia, the average commute time can be an important consideration, particularly if you plan to drive to and from work every day. You can check your average commute time for all local areas in this report by the Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development on average commute times throughout Australian capital cities.
Australia has an incredibly varied climate, ranging from the tropical north to the dry, arid centre, through to temperate regions on the south-east coast. Before committing to a climate that you’re not likely to enjoy, research the climate of your preferred location to ensure it suits your lifestyle.
Due to its size, Australia has an enormous variety in geography. There are flat tablelands in northern Queensland, thick rainforests in Victoria, alpine regions on the border of Victoria and New South Wales and endless desert in South Australia, Northern Territory and Western Australia. Be sure you know what sort of geography (and therefore outdoor recreational activities) is predominant in your new home before you decide to move there.
Be sure you understand what the weather is like in the area where you intend to move to. For instance:
For more information on the most popular Australian cities in which to live, visit:
Deciding when to move to Australia
Timing your relocation to Australia is essential in setting yourself up for a successful move. When it comes to planning the timing of your move you need to take a number of variables into account, with the most important being the local weather and holiday seasons.
If possible, time your move to Australia so that you don’t need to cope with scorching sun or torrential tropical rain. So, if you’re moving to the north, try to move during the dry season and avoid moving to any part of Australia during the peak of summer, which is January to February. The weather varies enormously around Australia:
Moving during holiday seasons in any country is generally more expensive. So, keep in mind that Australians generally have one longer summer holiday from December to February.
If possible, avoid the following holiday seasons in Australia:
School holiday dates vary from state-to-state, so be sure to confirm the exact dates for the state you are moving to.
Types of schools in Australia, and how to choose one
In the Australian education system:
There are a range of schools for Australians to send their children to upon arriving in Australia. From well-resourced public schools to prestigious private schools, expats will be able to provide their children with a quality education during their stay in Australia.
Parents who need care for their toddler can send them to a local kindergarten or day care centre. These facilities offer child minding, as well as education services for young children, with most Australian children attending some form of kindergarten or daycare. Kindergartens are run and managed differently from state-to-state, with most Australian states offering a government-funded kindergarten program in the year before children commence school (at age four). For further information, it is best to check with your local state’s education department:
Australia enjoys a world-class public education system. Public schools are so well resourced that Australia has become an education destination. Approximately two-thirds of the local population and most foreign nationals opt to put their children through public education.
While there are no fees associated with public schooling, parents still have to pay for textbooks, stationery, uniforms and some extra-curricular activities. However, keep in mind that if you hold a temporary residency visa, you may need to pay a fixed tuition fee that is set by the state or territory in which you’re residing.
Admission to public schools is allocated based on where you live, so that your children attend the school closest to your home, (i.e., children attend the school in the school zone in which they live). As such, you may wish to choose where you live based on where the best performing public schools are located.
A private school is an independent school funded by school fees and private organisations or individuals (rather than by government organisations).
Generally, the standard of education at private schools is higher than that of public schools. As private schools do not have to conform with government regulations, teachers have more flexibility and can customise curriculum. In Australia, many private schools are affiliated with a specific religion and will incorporate religious instruction into the curriculum.
Unlike public schools, private schools do not require that you live in a particular area, but do require paid tuition. This often makes them expensive and highly competitive to gain entrance to. However, the higher fees also mean that facilities, extra-curricular activities and support for students with special needs are generally of a higher standard than public schools.
There aren’t as many international schools in Australia as there are in other countries, mainly because many public and private schools offer the International Baccalaureate exam. Waiting lists for international schools can be long and the fees can be expensive. Find your local International Baccalaureate school here.
Tertiary education in Australia is of a very high standard. International students make up a significant cohort in universities, with Australia being a popular destination for students throughout Asia who are seeking to undertake studies instructed in English. There are two main types of tertiary education institutions in Australia: Technical and Further Education (TAFE) and universities.
If you’re relocating to Australia with older children, it is important to familiarise yourself with the Australian tertiary education system, including the types of education available. This will help you to narrow down your child’s choices and develop an education plan. Detailed information on the types of tertiary education institutions available in Australia are outlined below.
Technical and Further Education (TAFE) institutions provide education and training in vocational studies, in areas such as business, finance, tourism, hospitality, construction, engineering, information technology and community work. TAFE courses result in the award of a diploma and are often attended as an alternative to university or in preparation for university-level studies. For further information, it is best to check with your state’s local TAFE body:
Universities award Bachelor Degrees, as well as Masters and Doctoral Degrees (PhD). Universities in Australia are similar to universities in Singapore, so students shouldn’t have too much difficulty adjusting. Some universities are referred to as Institutes of Technology, such as the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology. These institutes are essentially the same as universities and even offer similar courses.
To assist you in finding the most appropriate school for your children, visit:
Shipping household goods to Australia
If you’re moving to Australia, then a huge part of the process is going to involve shipping your household belongings to Australia and adhering to the associated customs requirements. To ensure that your household items arrive in Australia safe and sound and clear customs as quickly and easily as possible, be sure to follow our advice on the documents required, customs prescriptions and other tips and suggestions below.
Keep the following considerations in mind when shipping your household belongings to Australia:
For the safe shipment and smooth customs clearance of your household goods, you’ll need to ensure that the following documentation is completed as accurately as possible provide:
If you are shipping items that have been inherited, in addition to the documents listed above, you will also need to supply:
For more information about how to ship household goods to Australia, visit Australian Customs Forms & Guides for Moving Overseas.
Importing vehicles into Australia
While you can import some types of cars, trucks, caravans, campervans and motorbikes to Australia, their importation is strictly controlled and there are few concessions on duty and tax payments. There are also strict procedures that must be followed and strict regulations around the registration of vehicles once they have arrived in Australia. As such, it is worth considering whether you need to import a vehicle into Australia at all. If you do decide to bring your vehicle with you, to help ensure that you meet customs requirements and that the clearance of your vehicle is as smooth as possible, follow our advice below.
The importation of cars into Australia is strictly regulated. The Personal Import Permit is the easiest way for Australians to import their personal car into Australia. To apply for this permit, you need to:
Before attempting to import any vehicle into Australia, you must ensure that the vehicle meets all safety and emission standards, including:
To ensure that there are no unforeseen delays in clearing customs and no additional costs incurred to clear your vehicle, ensure that the following cleanliness requirements are met:
There is a range of duties and taxes that you will need to pay to import your vehicle into Australia. These duties and taxes vary depending on the type of vehicle you wish to import:
For further information, consult the Eight Steps to Import a Vehicle factsheet, provided by the Department for Infrastructure and Regional Development.
For more information about how to import vehicles into Australia, visit Australian Customs Forms & Guides for Moving Overseas.
Importing pets into Australia
You can import pet cats and dogs into Australia, so long as they are free from infectious diseases that are transmittable to humans and are not deemed harmful to the environment. However, the importation of birds is strictly prohibited. There are also strict regulations around examinations on arrival and quarantine requirements.
The Department of Agriculture and Water Resources regulates the importation of pets into Australia and has set specific requirements for importing different types of pets, each of which is outlined in detail below.
You can import your pet cat into Australia, so long as it is free from infectious diseases that are transmittable to humans and it is not deemed harmful to the environment.
Keep in mind that cats coming to Australia from Singapore must be accompanied by a valid import permit, which provides the conditions for importing the cat. The conditions on the import permit take precedence over any other source of information. Cats must comply with all conditions on the import permit. Failure to comply with the conditions on the import permit may result in the cat being (at your cost):
To import your cat into Australia from Singapore, you must:
For further information, visit the Department of Agricultural and Water Resources step-by-step guide to importing cats into Australia.
You can import your pet dog into Australia, so long as it is free from infectious diseases that are transmittable to humans and it is not deemed harmful to the environment.
Keep in mind that dogs coming to Australia from Singapore must be accompanied by a valid import permit, which provides the conditions for importing the dog. The conditions on the import permit take precedence over any other source of information. Dogs must comply with all conditions on the import permit. Failure to comply with the conditions on the import permit may result in the dog being (at your cost):
To import your dog into Australia from Singapore, you must:
For further information, visit the Department of Agricultural and Water Resources step-by-step guide to importing dogs into Australia.
The importation of birds into Australia is currently prohibited, with the exception of pigeons from approved countries and household pet birds from New Zealand. For further information, view the Department of Environment’s Live Import List.
For more information about how to import pets into Australia, visit Australian Customs Forms & Guides for Moving Overseas.
Importing weapons into Australia
You may import some weapons and firearms into Australia, provided that police authorisation from the state or territory in which you intend to live is granted. The Australian Department of Immigration and Border Control will forward all firearms imported into Australia onto the Australian Police for ballistics and safety inspection. As state regulations vary in Australia, it is recommended that you write to the police department in your intended state or territory for approval prior to shipping weapons or firearms.
The importation of firearms and ammunition is controlled under the Customs (Prohibited Imports) Regulations 1956 (the Regulations). In special circumstances, you may be granted an import licence. Follow the links below to find the appropriate authority to contact for your import:
The following weapons are banned from being imported into Australia:
For more information about how to import weapons into Australia, visit our Australian Customs Forms & Guides for Moving Overseas.
Importing alcohol into Australia
You may import wines and other alcoholic beverages into Australia as part of your household goods shipment, pursuant to federal laws:
For further information, visit the Australian Customs and Border Protection Service’s information on importing alcohol and tobacco or visit our Australian Customs Forms & Guides for Moving Overseas.
Importing plants into Australia
The Department of Agriculture and Water Resources has strict importation regulations in place to protect Australia’s native plant population from disease. If you seek to import plants into Australia, you must adhere to the following process:
For further information, visit the Department of Agriculture and Water Resources’ information on how to import plants or visit our Australian Customs Forms & Guides for Moving Overseas.
Finding employment in Australia
If you’ve already secured a new role (or are moving to Australia for a specific employment opportunity), now is the time to investigate employment options for your partner. Or, if you haven’t secured role, to investigate employment for yourself. Follow our tips for the easiest job seek possible, from using the most popular employment websites and best recruitment agencies in Australia through to how to establish a business in Australia.
Some of the major employment websites in Australia are:
Alternatively, you may wish to register with a recruitment agency. Some of the major professional recruitment agencies in Australia include:
Some of the major executive recruitment agencies in Australia include:
If you or your partner are considering self-employment or establishing your own business in Australia, the following resources may be useful:
The Australian Government provides a range of resources designed to make securing employment easier:
Working in Australia
Given the size of Australia, it can be difficult to generalise about working in Australia. However, hard work is generally respected and expected. There are many commonalities to working in Singapore: office hours (Monday to Friday, 8am to 5.30pm) are the same, as are expected standards of office etiquette and dress code. Plus, communication style is quite like that in Australia—direct while remaining informal.
Australians are very open and direct in business communication. It may take time to adjust to this style of communication, but it’s important that you never take offence and that you adopt this style of communication. Australians prefer for you to be honest rather than diplomatic to hide your true feelings. Australians are masters at detecting dishonesty and untrue flattery, so be sure to avoid both. You should also adopt a less formal approach to conversation—even senior executives often don’t expect formality in business conversation.
A handshake is the most common form of greeting in a business setting. However, it is a not ritual, like it is some other countries. Your handshake should be firm, brief and accompanied by a smile.
It isn’t necessary to address people by their titles and last names. It is expected that you address people by their first name even from the first greeting; everyone will introduce themselves using their first name.
Business meetings in Australia are much the same as those in Singapore:
Communication via email should be no different than any other form of business communication—it should remain professional at all times. When first contacting a person via email, you should use some degree of formality. As your business relationship progresses, you can adopt a friendlier, more casual tone. Some tips for email communication:
Business communication via text message is becoming more common in Australia. However, the appropriateness of texting as a business communication method varies from company to company and industry to industry, and it can sometimes even be influenced by regulations.
For instance, a real estate agent and their client may regularly use text messages for communication, particularly as it is an easy communication method to use while on the go. However, a financial advisor may be prohibited from texting clients due to security and privacy concerns.
Business hours in Australia can vary depending on the industry, location and even company. General business hours include:
Dress code will vary from office-to-office and industry-to-industry, often based on factors such as the type of company (progressive start-up versus long-established traditional operation).
Suits are usually worn in corporate environments (usually in a darker colour such as black, grey or navy), paired with a shirt and tie for men and leather shoes. For women, a smart suit and dressy shirt teamed with understated jewellery and high-heels is most common.
In the warmer northern states, it is acceptable to wear short-sleeve, open-necked shirts. Most corporate offices relax dress standards during the summer months around the country.
Casual Friday is also a regular occurrence in many offices, where a more corporate dress code is relaxed and employees are encouraged to dress in a smart casual style.
Office etiquette in Australia is very similar to that of Singapore. Hard work is expected and respected; high levels of manners and politeness are the norm. While Australians are quite informal in many ways, this informality is always tempered with respect (particularly for more senior management) and political correctness. Australians will also need to understand the fine line between work and play in Australian offices.
Australians are hard workers and are sought after throughout the world. However, Australians understand the need to enjoy a healthy work-life balance; Australians will enjoy the respect that Australian executives have for their private lives.
The general rule that Australians live by is ‘work hard and play hard’. So, while you’re at work, you need to give it your full attention, but as soon as work is finished, your time is your own.
In many industries, hard work is the only way to advance one’s career. Status and age are not as important; merit, experience and achievements are key to advancement. There is also a strong sense of fairness in the Australian workplace; if someone feels as though you aren’t doing your part, they will inform you of this.
In Australia, it is not appropriate to give gifts at business meetings. In fact, some companies forbid their employees from accepting gifts, mainly due to anti-bribery and corruption policies.
In some instances, it may be appropriate to give business associates small gifts (such as chocolates, wine or flowers) when invited to a colleague’s home or as a client's Christmas gift.
To help ensure that you’re successful in the Australian world of business and to avoid any faux pas when you first arrive:
Customs and social norms in Australia
If you’re an Australian moving to Australia, you’ll need to understand local Australian customs and common cultural differences to help you and your family assimilate more easily into Australian culture. Luckily, you can follow our in-depth guide below that takes you through everything from Australia’s ‘Tall Poppy Syndrome’ and mateship, through to metric versus imperial conversions and words commonly used in Australia (but not in Singapore).
Australians do not respond well to arrogance or boasting about personal achievements. Australians are very humble and often downplay their own successes. They will often attack people that they feel are acting in an overtly arrogant manner. This is referred to as ‘Tall Poppy Syndrome’—Australians like to ‘chop down the tallest poppy in the field’.
The ‘Fair Go’ refers to the inherent sense of egalitarianism that exists throughout all aspects of Australian society. It means that everyone is deserving of equal rights and opportunities and that everyone should contribute equally to society. This sense of egalitarianism manifests in several ways, such as the lack of formal hierarchies in workplaces through to the fact that Australians don’t sit in the back seat of taxis.
A ‘mate’ is a close friend. Australians place huge value in loyalty to their friends and family. You will notice this comradery in several settings—in a business setting, colleagues quickly become close friends that look after each other. Expats will notice that ‘workmates’ go out of their way to ensure they have settled into their new job.
Christianity is the most common religion in Australia, with 52% of the population identifying themselves as Christian in the 2016 Census. Many more faiths are practiced in Australia, with Islam at 2.6% of the population and Buddhism at 2.4% as the two next most common religions reported after Christianity.
However, Australia is becoming more and more secular, with religion playing very little part in the political or social environment. Almost 30% of Australians reported in the 2016 Census that they had no religion at all.
It is rare for Australians to be intolerant of other religions, although people may be less tolerant in rural areas.
Most Australians believe in the freedom and equality to practice the religion of one’s own choosing. It is rare for Australians to be intolerant of religious groups particularly in the capital cities. However, some people in regional and rural areas may be more conservative. Furthermore, to avoid offending anyone, it’s best not to bring up religion at social events (unless you know the other guests very well).
Much like in Singapore, good manners and politeness are important in Australia. To ensure that you exhibit good manners when you arrive in Australia, follow our list of tips:
Table manners are important in Australia. So, to ensure you make a good impression at your first dinner party or your first meal out a restaurant, follow these handy tips and tricks on good table manners:
Australians follow the continental style of eating, which means that the knife is held in the right hand and the fork is held in the left hand throughout the meal. If possible, try to adopt this style of eating— switching utensils from hand-to-hand when you eat may be considered rude by some Australians.
There are some behaviours that should be avoided when eating in Australia, including:
Australians communicate very directly and honestly. While at first this may seem rude or brusque to some people, they rarely mean to be offensive. To help ensure you’re neither offended nor offend others when you first arrive in Australia, follow these rules:
Australia uses the metric system, much like Singapore. So, Singaporean expats will have no difficulty in understanding units of measurement (which will be in centimetres, metres and kilometres) and temperatures (which will be in Celsius).
Australians speak a unique form of English and it can take some time for Australians to understand exactly what is being said. While the words are always based in English, the frequent use of slang and colloquialisms can make it difficult to keep track. Australians tend to shorten words, so if you can’t understand a word, try to add some syllables to it and you may get to the meaning.
Singaporeans and Australians both use the Queen’s English (rather than US English). However, there are variations in pronunciation, as well as many words that are specific to Singlish. To avoid confusion in day-to-day conversation, try substituting the following Singlish words for their Australian counterparts.
There are many words that are specific to Singlish. As such, it is unlikely that Australians will understand what you are trying to say. To avoid confusion in day-to-day conversation, try substituting the following Singlish words for their Australian counterparts:
Australians frequently use slang and colloquialisms, which can make it difficult to understand what it being said. Australians tend to shorten words, so if you can’t understand a word, try to add some syllables to it and you may get to the meaning. Try substituting some of the following colloquialisms into conversation to sound like a real Australian local:
Australians have quite a different accent to Americans Singaporeans British expats. As such, it can take a little getting used to when you first arrive. A few tips and tricks to keep in mind include:
Maintaining a good credit rating is important in Australia, as it influences loan and credit card applications. There are three major credit bureaus in Australia (Equifax, Experian and Dun & Bradstreet), which collect credit rating information. Several factors affect your credit score, some of which include:
Most popular sports to play and watch in Australia
It could be argued that sport is the central national passion of Australia. Australians love playing and are natural athletes, proven by their frequent placing in the top five of medal winners at the Olympic Games despite a relatively small population. Australians also love watching sport. Throughout the year, sporting grounds and arenas are filled with the roar of fanatical spectators.
The four main professional-level sports in Australia are Australian Rules Football (AFL), Rugby League, cricket and soccer.
Australia’s national sport is a frenetic contest of skill, strength and pace. It may seem like mayhem to the uninitiated viewer but once you have a grip on the rules, it is one of the most exciting games on earth, full of big hits, high marks, impossible goals and fierce contests. The AFL governs the top national competition, featuring 18 teams that battle it out for the premiership between April and September. The MCG or ‘The G’, as it is known by locals, is a national icon and a sacred place of sport. Watching an AFL game in the 120,000-capacity colosseum is a must-do for any visitor to Melbourne.
Queensland and New South Wales are different from all other parts of Australia in that their favoured sport is Rugby League (rather than AFL). Rugby League is a variant of rugby union. The National Rugby League (NRL) is the top national competition, with the season running from April to September. The key event of the rugby league year is the State of Origin, where representatives from Queensland (known as the Maroons) and New South Wales (known as the Blues) battle for state pride over a three-match series.
The national Australian cricket team is the most successful team of all time across the major formats of the game, having been crowned World Champions five times. The most popular national league is the Big Bash Twenty20 series that runs over the summer period and attracts international stars. Another key fixture is the Boxing Day Test, which is held at the MCG every year.
It has taken some time for soccer to gain popularity in Australia, but it has experienced enormous growth thanks to immigrant communities that have brought their love for ‘the world game’ with them. The A-League is the premier competition, featuring 10 teams that play over a season lasting from October until April.
Apart from the four main professional-level sports, there is also significant interest in sports such as tennis, car racing and basketball. In fact, Australia hosts some of the largest international sporting events in the world, including the Australian Open tennis grand slam event in January, as well as the Australian Formula One Grand Prix in March. Around the coastal areas, surfing is a way of life and a key part of the local culture.
It won't be difficult to join a local sporting team. The best place to start is at a local private club or even through your child’s school. Private clubs have teams to suit all ages and levels, so even if you’re a beginner you’ll be able to find a place in an Australian rules, basketball, rugby, soccer or cricket team.
In addition to sports, physical fitness is a popular pastime; joining a gym is an excellent way to meet new people. Most suburbs and towns have local fitness places. Some of the larger private gyms include:
If you want to exercise for free, take advantage of jogging, bike paths and outdoor fitness areas. You can also use the sporting facilities of some local schools on weekends.
If you live near the coast or near water, water sports are an essential part of the local culture and a great way to keep fit.
Celebrating holidays and traditions in Australia
There are many different types of holidays and traditions celebrated in Australia, from religious holidays such as Christmas and Easter through to cultural celebrations such as Australia Day, as well as more general school holidays. Read our guide below so that you understand the meaning behind each tradition, as well as how and when they are celebrated.
Australian schools observe four terms, with one longer break over Christmas. The school holidays are usually:
School holiday dates vary from state-to-state so be sure to confirm the exact dates for the state you are moving to.
Australia observes several federal public holidays, each of which is outlined below. If a federal public holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday, it may be moved to the first available weekday.
New Year’s Day celebrates the beginning of the new calendar year. Generally, people attend large parties on the night of 31 December, ringing in the New Year at midnight.
Australia’s national holiday has become more and more controversial over recent years because it marks the beginning of European settlement in 1788—a sad day for the indigenous Australian population. Many people celebrate by holding large barbecues, while protests to change the date are also common. Young people tune into radio station Triple J to listen to the Hottest 100, which is a listener-voted selection of the best 100 songs of the year.
The period from Good Friday to Easter Monday is a public holiday in Australia. It celebrates the death and the subsequent resurrection of Jesus Christ. While Christianity is the main religion in Australia, the country is becoming increasingly secularised. As such, many Australians use the four-day weekend as an opportunity to go on holiday before winter sets in.
ANZAC Day is an opportunity for Australians to pay their respects to the soldiers who have sacrificed their lives for the country. The day commemorates the landing of the Australia and New Zealand Army Corps in Gallipoli in 1915. However, in modern times ANZAC Day is used to commemorate the sacrifices of soldiers in all wars.
Australia’s head of state is the Queen of England. As such, Australians receive a public holiday to celebrate her birthday.
Christmas Day celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ and, as Christianity is the most widespread religion in Australia, it is the biggest holiday of the year. Most businesses are closed on Christmas Day and many on Christmas Eve as well.
Most people decorate their homes with Christmas lights and Christmas trees; children believe that Santa Claus will visit their home and bring them gifts, so long as they have been well behaved.
The day after Christmas Day is also a national public holiday, which Australians use to relax and recover from the festivities of Christmas. It is the day of the famous Australia Day cricket test, so many Australians spend the day glued to the television and holding their own games of backyard cricket throughout the day. Plus, many shops hold ‘Boxing Day Sales’, which attract huge crowds and even queues of people waiting to be let into the shopping centres.
All Australian states celebrate Labour Day, although the day varies by name and date throughout states. The day is used to celebrate the rights of workers. Some associations use the day to hold marches and protests. The strength of the union movement in Australia makes this an import day in the Australian calendar.
It is important to keep in mind that some of Australia’s individual states and territories celebrate different public holidays. For instance:
In addition to federal public holidays, there are various other holidays, festivals and celebrations observed by the Australian population, each of which is outlined below.
Much the same as Valentine’s Day in Singapore, this festival is celebrated in memory of St Valentine. Lovers exchange gifts and cards, often anonymously.
Again, as in Singapore, St Patrick’s Day celebrates Irish culture, remembering the Christian Saint Patrick, who is one of Ireland’s patron saints. 30% of Australians are from an Irish heritage, and the Irish played an important part in creating modern Australia, making this day an important celebration.
Passover is a Jewish tradition, which lasts for eight days and celebrates the survivals of the Jews in Egypt. The tradition is marked with ritual dinners called Seder. While Passover is not a federal public holiday, most Jewish companies close during this period.
Just like Mother’s Day in Singapore, children of all ages use this day to show their appreciation for their mother, often buying presents and gifts.
Once again, just like Father’s Day in Singapore, children of all ages use this day to show their appreciation for their father, often buying presents and gifts.
Halloween does not hold nearly the same popularity in Australia as it does in America, but some young children still go ‘Trick or Treating’ in the capital cities. On this festival, children dress up in their Favourite costume (often scary creatures, like ghosts, vampires and witches, or the latest movie character) and go ‘Trick or Treating’. At each house, children ask for lollies and if they don’t receive any, then they threaten the occupants with a trick—usually something like egging their house.
The eating and drinking culture of Australia
A key way to experience the culture of a new country is through their food and beverages, and Australia is no different. Not only does Australia have its own unique foods and drinks, it also offers a range of culturally diverse options due to its rich cultural heritage. You’ll also need to be aware of some cultural norms when it comes to food and drink in Australia, such as expectations around tipping and the legal drinking age.
The diversity of the cultures that make up Australia means that culinary offerings are extremely diverse. It can be difficult to pinpoint Australian specialties, as the food scene is changing every day, with trends quickly fluctuating. However, the following foods are examples of unique Australian foods:
You'll also find regional varieties of drinks throughout Australia. The Queensland towns of Buderim and Bundaberg produce the best ginger beer in the world. Australia has a thriving micro-brewery industry, while the wine regions of Tasmania, Victoria, South Australia, New South Wales and Western Australia all produce internationally-respected varietals.
In larger Australian cities, you can find cuisines from all over the world. In Sydney and Melbourne, you can essentially pick a country and find a restaurant offering cuisine from that area thanks to the incredible mix of culture. Even small country towns will have a Thai or a Chinese restaurant.
For traditional local food, you should go to a pub. Unlike other parts of the world, pubs in Australia are well-respected eating establishments, particularly given the rise in popularity of ‘Gastro Pubs’ that serve gourmet food. The classic Australia pub meal is a ‘pot and a parma’. This is a pot of beer with a Chicken Parmigiana (a chicken schnitzel, covered in Napoli sauce, with ham and melted cheese).
Standard dining etiquette is observed in Australia; don't speak too loudly, don't place your elbows on the table, don't burp don't speak with your mouth full.
There is no standard restaurant rating system in Australia, although newspapers and magazine regularly print reviews. There is also the Good Food Guide, which provides various annual rankings, from the best restaurants through to the best ‘cheap eats’. The easiest way to find restaurants and view their ratings is by visiting review websites:
Tipping is never expected in Australia. Australia has one of the highest minimum wages in the world. As such, all restaurant employees are on a reasonably good wage. However, tipping is customary for exceptionally good service. If you feel like tipping, 10% of the total bill is more than enough.
The legal drinking age in Australia is 18. It is illegal for anyone under the age of 18 to buy, supply or drink alcohol on a licensed premise, even if their parents or guardians are present and have supplied the alcohol.
Although the laws and penalties vary from state-to-state and even city-to-city, it is generally illegal to drink in public places outside licensed premises in Australia. Generally, possession of an open container of alcohol is sufficient proof of public drinking.
The quality of food in Australia is very high. Food is fresh snap frozen at the source shipped by air. As such, food is very safe, with no need to disinfect surfaces–rinsing fruit and vegetables in tap water is sufficient.
The most common means of shopping for food is in large chain supermarkets. These are self-serve, with people pushing a shopping cart up and down the aisles. Some of the larger supermarket chains include:
A rising trend in Australia is home delivered meal-kit options, with the major suppliers including:
Housing in Australia
If you’re not moving to Australia from Singapore for work or your employer hasn’t secured housing for you, you’ll need investigate potential properties to buy or rent in Australia.
A good place to start your search is some of the most popular real estate search websites. These will give you an idea of the type of housing available, as well as the average cost. Try:
If you’re planning on renting property, keep in mind:
If you’re planning on buying property, keep in mind:
Housing types, styles, and even availability vary from state-to-state and even city-to-city. However, some general facts you can expect about housing in Australia include:
There are a number of housing types in Australia:
Apartments in Australia may be:
Getting around in Australia
Australia has reasonably well-developed public transport systems in all capital cities. However, if you need to cover large distances or reach remote places, you will need a car. The sheer size of Australia and the sparsity of population mean there are some places where public transport doesn’t exist. However, to move around major cities and towns, even to move between states and popular tourist destinations, there are plenty of public transport options available.
If you plan to drive once you arrive in Australia, there are several different road rules of which you should make yourself aware:
When moving to Australia from Singapore, you can drive with your Australian licence for a period of three months. After this, you will need to apply for a licence from your new home state. The rules for driving with an overseas licence and applying for a licence vary from state-to-state. Follow the links below to learn about driver’s licence rules and regulations in your state:
It is possible to travel around Australia with public transport. However, due to the size of the country and infrequency of some connections, it can take a considerable amount of time to travel on public transport. The best way to move around the country is by private car or domestic fights, which are cheap and frequent. Public transport in major cities is usually well developed and an effective means of transport.
Public transport is managed at a state level. So, for detailed information about the public transport systems in your state, visit:
Rail Australia provides rail links between major cities, with sleeper cars available for overnight travel. However, it takes a long time to travel between Australia’s major cities and services can be usually slow and infrequent.
Travelling interstate by bus is arguably the cheapest way to travel, but the vast distances you need to cover means travelling by bus can also be very time-consuming. There is no central bus service in Australia, so you’ll need to consult private companies, such as Greyhound.
All of Australia’s capital cities have excellent public transport, made up of a combination of railways, subways, trams and buses. Purchasing multi-day passes, known as ‘Weeklys’ or ‘Monthlys’ make travel far cheaper than paying for singular trips.
Taxis (or ‘cabs’) are common in inner city and suburban areas, as well as within smaller towns. Taxis can be hailed from the side of the street with the wave of a hand or a whistle, at taxi ranks or booked over the phone. While taxis are convenient for travelling short distances, they can be expensive.
A relatively new company, Uber is an app-based ride share cab company, operating out of all capital cities and some regional areas. Using Uber, you can hire a driver to pick you up in their private car and take you to your desired destination. The nearest driver can be at your pickup location within minutes.
The size of Australia, coupled with the competitive prices offered by low-cost airlines, means that many Australians travel throughout by plane. The domestic flight network is extensive, with the major domestic airlines in Australia being:
While air travel is fast, passengers should allow ample time to clear immigration, customs and security, particularly for international flights.
Prohibited items when shipping goods to Australia
Many dangerous or prohibited goods cannot be shipped to Australia. People attempting to import prohibited items into Australia may be subject to a penalty, and the items may be seized by customs officials. To help ensure that your goods are not seized and that your entire shipment is not delayed, follow our guide on prohibited items.
General items prohibited from entry into Australia include:
Wildlife products prohibited from entry into Australia include:
For more information, download our Guide to Moving Dangerous, Prohibited and Restricted Items.
Restricted items when shipping goods to Australia
When shipping items to Australia, some items are subject to restrictions and will require additional precautions. People attempting to import restricted items into Australia may be subject to a penalty, and the items may be seized by customs officials. To help ensure that your goods are not seized or that your entire shipment is not delayed, follow our guide on restricted items. Items that are restricted when shipping goods to Australia include:
The healthcare system in Australia
The Australian health care system is among the best in the world, as evidenced by the fact that Australians enjoy one of the longest life expectancies in the world. The health care system throughout Australia is a hybrid of public and private health care. As a result, most Australians have private health insurance, while also taking advantage of the comprehensive public health benefits that are on offer.
The public health system, known as Medicare, is available to permanent residents but expats moving to Australia on a temporary residency will need to prove that they have the financial ability to pay for private health insurance.
Private health insurance is a popular option in Australia. There are significant tax advantages available to people that take out private health insurance; because of this there is healthy competition amongst providers.
Expats that do their research will be able to find comprehensive coverage at a reasonable price. The Private Health Insurance Ombudsman is an independent organisation that monitors the activity of private health care providers and ensures that all dealings are in line with national regulations.
Some of the major health insurance providers in Australia include:
The Australian Government also provides detailed information on private health insurance.
Regulated by state governments, emergency medical services in Australia must be provided to anyone in need. You should check with your private health provider that you have ambulance coverage. If you are not covered, the cost of an ambulance call-out can be extremely high.
If you have a medical emergency, dial ‘000’ on your phone to request an ambulance (as well as the police and the fire brigade). The operator will dispatch the ambulance as quickly as possible. Paramedics are highly trained to provide excellent care.
Most Australian hospitals have an emergency clinic, so if you have a medical issue that doesn’t require immediate emergency attention, take yourself to the nearest hospital.
In Australia pharmacies are sometimes known as ‘chemists’ and stock much more than medication, often selling everything from make-up through to travel goods. There are usually several pharmacies located in major cities and towns, although 24-hour pharmacies are usually only located in capital cities.
Pharmacies are also located in supermarkets and large department stores, as well as being attached to hospitals and medical clinics. The presence of a pharmacist is usually indicated by a sign in the shape of a (first aid) cross. Some of the largest national pharmacies are:
International prescriptions will not be filled by Australian pharmacies. You will need to take a copy of your Australian prescription to an Australian doctor and have them write you a local prescription.
Electricity, water and gas utilities in Australia
When moving to Australia, you’ll need to understand how electricity, water and gas utilities work, from the biggest utility companies in the market to connecting your services, as well as whether your Australian appliances and electronics will work in Australia.
Once you’ve found a property to rent or buy, you’ll need to organise the connection of your electricity, water and gas utilities. Some things to keep in mind:
Your Australian appliances and other household electronics may not work in Australia due to three potential compatibility issues: the plug, the voltage and the frequency.
The different power plug is easy to overcome with a plug adapter. However, the difference in electricity voltage and frequency can be more challenging. In Australia, electricity is 100 to 110 volts 220 to 240 volts at 50 Hz. In Australia, electricity operates at 220 to 240 volts and at a frequency of 50 Hz.
Generally, many electronic items nowadays (like computers and peripherals) can run on both voltages and frequencies. You just need to check their power labels or manuals for ‘110-240v 50/60Hz’ before plugging them in for the first time in Australia. And if they can’t run on both voltages, there is still a chance they’ll work by purchasing ‘step-down’ voltage transformers. However, these transformers can be costly, bulky, unsightly and inconvenient.
Unfortunately, many Australian appliances, especially those with motors like washing machines and dryers, will not work in Australia. Their motors will struggle with the frequency difference and there’s no practical solution to change electrical frequency. Furthermore, televisions and video and DVD recorders operate in different digital formats and standards, which may also make them incompatible in Australia.
You should therefore thoroughly check the power labels or manuals of all your appliances and electronics to ensure they are compatible with Australian voltages and frequencies before incurring the cost of shipping over items that might be useless upon arrival. Buying new or secondhand appliances and electronics once you arrive may not only be more cost-effective, but your only solution.
Mobile phones and the internet in Australia
There is any number of mobile phone and internet providers in Australia, all of which offer a range of different packages at a range of different price points. Be sure to do your research into which package best suits your needs before signing on the dotted line.
Internet services are of a high quality in Australia, although DSL is still more common that cable or wireless connections. Cable connections are generally more expensive, but do come with the added bonus of cable TV. Again, be sure to shop around to get the best deal, paying careful attention to speed download allowances.
The main mobile phone providers are:
The main internet providers are:
Keeping in touch with family and friends from Singapore
Relocating to Australia is an exciting experience, but there's no denying that you'll miss family and friends left behind. Luckily, there are plenty of ways for you to keep in touch, from mobile phone and Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP) apps like Skype and WhatsApp, and via the Australia Post.
To make an international call from Australia, you'll need to dial:
Different carriers will have different international call rates, so make sure you confirm these rates early on.
One of the cheapest ways to make an international call from your mobile is to take advantage of a Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP) app, such as:
If you use any of these apps while you're connected to Wi-Fi, you'll save a lot of money. You also won't have to worry about international country codes—just click on the contact and press call. You also have the option of making video calls over Skype, Facebook Messenger and FaceTime, helping you feel more connected to your friends and family.
Australia enjoys an excellent connection to the internet, so you'll never be far away from a connection point – unless you’re in the middle of the outback. The internet offers you round-the-clock access to the people you miss back home. Email, Facebook, Instagram and Twitter all allow you to stay connected and you can also use your computer to make international calls via Facebook and Skype.
Most cities throughout Australia will offer free public Wi-Fi access points, so keep an eye out for the Wi-Fi symbol to increase your connectivity.
Australia Post runs the national postal service, which is reliable and timely for both national and international postage. You can use this tool to calculate the cost of your international postage. Australia Post also offers the following International Postage Guide for Singapore.
Paying tax in Australia
As with any developed nation, there are several taxes that you’ll be required to pay when living in Australia. These include income tax, sales tax, property tax, excise tax and capital gains tax. So that you understand personal taxation obligations, be sure to read through the in-depth resources below.
Income taxes are applied at a federal level. If you are employed, tax will automatically be taken out of your paycheck as you will be declared a PAYG (Pay As You Go) taxpayer. If you are self-employed or have your own company, you will be responsible for paying your own income tax. Income tax is taxed on a sliding scale, depending on how much you earn per annum (plus the Medicare levy of 2%):
All taxpayers are required to file a tax return at the end of each financial year (30 June). You can either have a tax agent or accountant file this return on your behalf or you can use the Australian Taxation Office’s myTax online lodgement system.
The sales tax in Australia is known as a Goods and Services Tax (GST). This tax is applied to most goods and services at a flat rate of 10%. There are some goods and services that are exempt from GST, such as most basic food, some medical and health care services, some medicines, some education courses.
Capital Gains Tax is applied to the transfer of any asset, except for specific exemptions such as the family home. This tax works by having the net gain of the transfer counted as part of your taxable income.
Property tax, collected by local councils, is known locally as ‘council rates’ in Australia. Council rates vary from council to council and are calculated based on the value of your home. Council rates can vary from approximately AU$1,500 per annum, up to AU$3,000 per annum, depending on the location and size of the property.
Excise taxes are applied at varying rates to petrol, tobacco and alcohol, known locally as ‘sin taxes’.
Things to see and do in Australia
The great land down-under has long been a popular tourist destination. The largest island in the world and the only continent to consist of a single country, Australia is a place of untouched nature. Moreover, it has one of the oldest continuing cultures in the world and is a modern blend of cultures from all over the world, which has created a dynamic and exciting society. It would be almost impossible to list every sight to see, so the list below should be viewed as a starting point. Make your own discoveries about the natural and cultural wonders that Australia has to offer.
Adelaide, is the gateway to Australia’s premier wine country and an incredible city. Restaurants serve up incredible food featuring local fare and it is the home to The Adelaide Fringe Festival and WOMADelaide. You can organise tours of the Barossa Valley, McLaren Vale and the Clare Valley to taste a few of the drops that have cemented Australia’s position as one of the top wine producers in the world.
The eucalypt trees give the entire Blue Mountains range a tinge of blue and the view is breathtaking from the various vantage points located around the range. The highlight is the view of the Three Sisters, which are three rock pillars that seem to keep watch over the mountains. The ranges are close to Sydney, making them a must-visit for anyone relocating there.
Australia’s complete isolation from the rest of the world means it is covered in things that exist nowhere else. The otherworldly landscape of the Bungle-Bungles, located in the Purnululu National Park in Western Australia, is just one example of Australia’s various oddities. The best way to view these striped domes is to book a scenic flight.
Canberra is a planned city that has retained much of its original vegetation, giving it the nickname the ‘bush capital’. It features the Parliament House, which is the highest-arena of government. Other famous landmarks include the Australian Institute of Sport, The Australian War Memorial, The Royal Australian Mint, the National Museum and National Library. The Australian National Botanical Gardens are also a must-see.
This stretch of rainforest in North Queensland is heritage listed. It is a rare occasion of rainforest meeting reef, the Great Barrier Reef no less. It’s full of opportunities for hiking, four-wheel driving and nature watching. The Cassowary (a particularly beautiful bird) makes its home here. Although be sure not to get too close, because they have been known to kill people.
Fraser Island is the largest sand island in the world. It is also home to all sorts of wildlife and is probably the best place to see dingoes in their natural environment. The island is made up of dense rainforest, impossibly clear freshwater lakes and endless fishing opportunities. You need a four-wheel drive to cross the island, which features a range of eco-accommodation.
Australia is blessed with a plethora of stunning ranges, but not many visitors make it to these ranges in South Australia. Wilpena Pound is a natural spectacle; it seems impossible that the perfectly-formed amphitheatre wasn’t carved by hand. The Flinders Ranges are also a great place to experience Indigenous culture, as local tribes perform traditional dances and give visitors a sample of traditional hunting and cooking methods.
The melting pot of Australian surf culture, the famed point breaks along this coast have produced some of Australia’s best surfers, including world champions Joel Parkinson and Mick Fanning. If you want to experience Aussie surfing culture, there’s no better place than the Gold Coast in Queensland. You can sit and watch the best surfers in the world ply their trade at Snapper Rocks, Kirra and Burleigh Heads.
The 2,300km (1,429 mile) Great Barrier Reef can be seen from space, but it’s much better to see it underwater. It is literally teeming with life, colour, movement and natural wonder. There are too many tourist attractions to name along the reef, so head north and see where you end up.
Home of Victoria’s Surf Coast and the longest-running surf competition in the world at Bells Beach, the Great Ocean Road features kilometres of dramatic cliffs that have been worn away by the pounding surf of the Southern Ocean. The road lasts for 250km and it should be sampled over a couple of days, so you can stop at beaches and take in stunning towns along the way.
Australia has plenty of natural wonders to choose from, but Kakadu’s 20,000km2 (7722 square mile) patch of beauty may just be the jewel in the crown. It is a place of immense spiritual importance to the local Indigenous people and it is full of rock art that is thousands of years old. There are also waterfalls, dramatic cliffs and saltwater crocodiles that will come right up to your boat.
Litchfield Lake is one of the only lakes in the Northern Territory that are safe to swim in. It is a magical place; there’s nothing quite like slipping into the cool waters of the lake to recover from the heat of the ‘Top End’.
This untouched island is heritage listed and its pristine beauty is protected by a limit of 400 visitors being allowed on the island at one time. It’s only a two-hour flight from Sydney and offers endless opportunities for snorkeling, diving, hiking and basking in the splendour of nature.
Melbourne buzzes with life at all hours, and the restaurant scene is the best in the country. It is also the cultural capital of Australia. The effortlessly cool suburbs mix Victorian architecture with street art and hip eating and drinking spots, and there’s still plenty of old-world glamour for those that appreciate the finer things in life like art, museums and theatre.
Possibly the most isolated capital city on earth, Perth is incredible. To the east is endless desert, to the south is the surf and wine region of Margaret River, and to the north are the vast expanses of the Pilbarra and Kimberley regions. Perth is the perfect starting point for all the wonders that Western Australia has to offer, and thanks to the mining boom, it is a destination city.
Despite its reputation as a sun-bleached land, the alpine region around the border of Victoria and New South Wales receives more snow than the European Alps. The Snowy Mountains are incredibly beautiful and perfect for hiking, canoeing and snow sports in the winter. The ranges are also home to Australia’s highest peak, Mt Kosciuszko, which soars 2,228m (7,309 feet) over the Australian continent.
Just north of the Gold Coast, this stretch of beaches is more relaxed than the Gold Coast. The Sunshine Coast still has plenty of world-class breaks, including the point break at Noosa. It’s impossible to feel stressed here and you might be lucky enough to share the water with a passing pod of dolphins.
What Sydney lacks in the effortless cool of Melbourne it makes up for with its stunning natural setting, city-side beaches and glamour. Bondi is probably Australia’s most famous landmark, the Harbour Bridge is an architectural-gem, and the harbour itself is full of hidden coves, rock pools and endless beauty. The Rocks area is also home to Australia’s first European settlement and it still features cobblestone streets.
A trip to Tasmania is like a step back in time. 500,000 people call this island state home and with its plethora of natural attractions and incredible local good and wine, it’s no wonder. The island is also a historical attraction, thanks to the penal colony at Port Arthur, where some of Australia’s first convicts where housed. MONA is also one of the finest collections of modern art in the world.
This epic trip from the south to north takes your right through the red centre of Australia. The train is named after the Afghan cameleers that helped to chart the passage through this seemingly uncrossable land, travelers can move through it in absolute comfort. You’ll take in Alice Springs, Katherine hot springs and Uluru along the way.
The Gold Coast is the home of Australia’s theme parks. Wet ‘n’ Wild, Dreamworld, Movie World and Sea World are fun for adults and children alike. The best part is, these parks are in the same area, so it’s easy to experience them all in the same trip.
For further information on what to see and do in Australia, visit:
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